{"id":21650,"date":"2023-03-22T10:29:57","date_gmt":"2023-03-22T09:29:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.toleranzraeume.org\/hugo-hamid-marcus\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T13:15:33","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T11:15:33","slug":"hugo-hamid-marcus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.toleranzraeume.org\/tr\/hugo-hamid-marcus\/","title":{"rendered":"Hugo Hamid Marcus"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"21650\" class=\"elementor elementor-21650 elementor-8317\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1481d2a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1481d2a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3889e2d2\" data-id=\"3889e2d2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-636c684f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"636c684f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hugo Hamid Marcus<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a4e969e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a4e969e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">(do\u011fum: 1880, Posen, Prusya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2013 \u00f6l\u00fcm: 1966, Basel, \u0130svi\u00e7re)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-14361881 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"14361881\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f50fe76\" data-id=\"3f50fe76\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-729aa81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"729aa81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u201cDemokrasinin insanlar i\u00e7in talep etti\u011fi genel e\u015fitlik, zaten do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi vard\u0131r, hatta insanlar\u0131n birey olarak ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde benzersiz, farkl\u0131, e\u015fsiz ve k\u0131yaslanamaz oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finde de bu yatar.\u201d    <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4193848 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4193848\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hugo Hamid Marcus e\u015fcinsellerin haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ederken \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 ve antisemit ideolojilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na kozmopolit bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hugo Hamid Marcus, Yahudi k\u00f6kenli bir Alman yazar\u0131 ve filozoftu. E\u015fcinselli\u011fin su\u00e7 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti. Dini b\u00fct\u00fcn bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olarak Almanya&#8217;da \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n da \u00f6nemli bir sesiydi. Marcus, daha Weimar Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde arkada\u015f\u0131 Magnus Hirschfeld ile birlikte e\u015fcinselleri su\u00e7lu ilan eden 175. Maddenin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1925\u2019te M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileriyle bulu\u015ftuktan sonra M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7ti. Hamid ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131, ama 1936\u2019ya kadar Yahudi cemaatinin \u00fcyesi olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Daha 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda, bug\u00fcn Alman topraklar\u0131ndaki en eski cami olan ve liberal ve dinler aras\u0131 diyaloga \u00f6nem veren Wilmersdorf\u2019taki Berlin Camisi\u2019nin y\u00f6neticisi oldu. Ayr\u0131ca \u201cMoslemische Revue\u201d (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Rev\u00fcs\u00fc) dergisini y\u00f6netti ve 1930 &#8211; 1935 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Alman M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Cemiyetinin kurucu ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Nazi d\u00f6neminde, burada verilen vaazlar\u0131 propagandayla etkilemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Nasyonal Sosyalistler de bu camiye girip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>1938 Kas\u0131m pogromlarndan sonra M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hugo Hamid Marcus Yahudi olarak Sachsenhausen Toplama Kamp\u0131nda hapsedildi. Kendi ifadesine g\u00f6re, imam\u0131 Dr. \u015eeyh Muhammed Abdullah\u2019\u0131n liderli\u011finde bir delegasyonun serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131na kadar burada kald\u0131. \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019ye ka\u00e7arak Nazilerin Yahudi zulm\u00fcnden kurtuldu. Hans Alenius (Yabanc\u0131 Hans) mahlas\u0131yla \u201cDer Kreis\u201d (\u00c7ember) adl\u0131 e\u015fcinsel dergisinde yazd\u0131. Sava\u015ftan sonra, e\u015fcinselli\u011fin h\u00e2l\u00e2 su\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Federal Almanya Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne d\u00f6nmeyi reddetti. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Marcus, Almanya&#8217;daki Yahudi-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ili\u015fkilerinde \u00f6nemli bir fig\u00fcr olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-758d6b4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"758d6b4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>*Marcus, H., Zur Ontologie der Demokratie (Demokrasinin Ontolojisi Hakk\u0131nda), \u015funun i\u00e7inde: Archiv F\u00fcr Rechts- Und Sozialphilosophie 44\/1 (1958), S. 55\u201364.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-517fee24\" data-id=\"517fee24\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hugo Hamid Marcus (do\u011fum: 1880, Posen, Prusya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2013 \u00f6l\u00fcm: 1966, Basel, \u0130svi\u00e7re) \u201cDemokrasinin insanlar i\u00e7in talep etti\u011fi genel e\u015fitlik, zaten do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi vard\u0131r, hatta insanlar\u0131n birey olarak ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde benzersiz, farkl\u0131, e\u015fsiz ve k\u0131yaslanamaz oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finde de bu yatar.\u201d Hugo Hamid Marcus e\u015fcinsellerin haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ederken \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 ve antisemit ideolojilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na kozmopolit bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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